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William C. Campbell - Nobel Lecture: Ivermectin: A reflection on simplicity William C. Campbell delivered his Nobel Lecture on 7 December 2015 at Aula Medica, Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm. https://youtube.com/watch?v=YK0NcEm4TXg Nobel Prize 385K subscribers This is the Merck scientist awarded the Nobel prize for discovering ivermectin. Very dignified man. Wants to call attn to the idea of simplicity of science thru this lecture on ivermectin. Simplicity is widely celebrated in science as a matter of beauty, but wants to talk about it today as a matter of practicality. The drug IVM was brought about by simple science. Started with a liquid fed to a mouse w/worms in 1975 - in a few days, the mouse was free of worms. Led to development of IVM. Action of ivermectin - it paralyzes the worms rather than killing them - but that works just as well. Works on immature worms, not mature ones. In the case of heartwork, this is good. Killing the end of the adult heartworm is bad for a dog. Used prophylactically to PREVENT heartworm. Active against pre-adult phase. Used once a month for prevention of heartworm in dogs. Good for larvae of a parasite in horses, so he used it against a similar species in cattle. What was it good for in humans? River blindness - caused by a similar species of parasite. Used against the early stages of river blindness in Senegal with success. Killed with baby worms - had to be cautious bc there was evidence that it could be dangerous to kill those tiny worms. But no problem. Kill the larvae and you solve the problem - it's the OFFSPRING to the worms that causes river blindness. Merck said it would donate the drug for river blindness, so attracted a lot of interest from the WHO and other groups. Many were involved in this process, including Jimmy Carter. IVM made a huge difference in treatment of river blindness. Dr Roy Vagelos - decided it would be donated. IVM will prevent river blindness; it will not kill it. Warns against the hazards of indiscriminate use of any chemical - may have unforeseen consequences. Talks about the possibility of anti-parasitic vaccines. How do we improve global health? Solutions are sometimes to be found in science that is simple. Excellent lecture.'' --Thought it might offer some insight into the use of IVM against "covid."-- CAPS - Dr. Campbell, Dr. Vagelos, slides