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"Drafted at the conclusion of a series of trials of Nazi doctors who'd been charged of crimes - like murder and falsifying death certificates on behalf of their employer, the German government - the Nuremberg Code was the 20th century's first attempt to articulate specific ethical guidelines in an attempt to protect patients from systematic abuses by doctors, health care practitioners, and medical systems.
The Code was drafted in response to the horror of an entire country's medical system being politicized, and "science" being used to justify mass crimes against humanity in which physicians played a key role. In fact, no profession had a higher percentage of Nazi party members than the medical profession."